Yes, standard homeowners insurance policies cover roof hail damage, provided the storm compromises the roof's ability to protect your home. The payout you receive depends entirely on whether your homeowners insurance policy offers replacement cost value or actual cash value. Functional damage that causes leaks is almost always covered, while purely cosmetic dents are frequently excluded.
The best approach to handling roof hail damage is to file a claim immediately after the first storm rather than waiting for another one. Waiting risks claim denial because an insurance adjuster can distinguish between old and new impacts, often refusing to cover pre-existing damage under a new weather event.